Unnecessary or ineffective purchases

Otherwise termed as false needs assessments, it primarily occurs because the official has demanded or will receive a personal benefit from the supplier. This could be because an official has a financial stake in a company that will supply the product. Alternatively, politicians may put pressure on officials to complete a purchase that will generate publicity and gain votes for their re-election.

As a result, purchases are made that are ineffective for healthcare delivery. Medical equipment may be bought without staff trained to use the equipment or health facilities may be built with no further funding to actually equip the facility with staff, equipment and supplies.